去年9月16日, 我和Grace有幸參觀(guān)了Steven Holl的新作---位于華府的瑞士大使邸.能有這個(gè)機會(huì )接近并體驗這棟建筑還要感謝瑞士使館的公眾開(kāi)放日. 這也算瑞士官員給外交建筑賦予文化傳播功能的良苦用心吧. 結果當然很成功,活動(dòng)吸引了很多附近的居民,熱衷于瑞士文化的市民,和象我們這種”追星族”建筑師。
Steven Holl是公認的美國當紅建筑師. 他對建筑形式探索的執著(zhù)程度,在美國建筑界鮮有人出其右. 在Holl先生兩年前的演講上初次了解了瑞士大使邸,顯然和他以前的設計大有不同. 我們懷著(zhù)強烈的好奇來(lái)到了使館.
建筑位于使館院內一座小丘之上. 從遠處看去,不象Holl的一貫做法------引入曲線(xiàn)/斜線(xiàn)/色彩以營(yíng)造非常的視覺(jué)趣味. 房子的體量中規中矩,顏色也盡含蓄之能事. 深灰的實(shí)墻淺灰的幕墻使我不由聯(lián)想起一幅江南小鎮的水墨畫(huà),平靜祥和. 在加上陰雨的天氣,更給我的感受增加了幾分詩(shī)意.
當我們逐漸走近房子時(shí),另一種視覺(jué)趣味引起了我們的注意: 深灰的實(shí)墻上逐漸顯現出水平的肌理,仿佛是灰磚砌成的,但又有一些不規則的起伏; 而淺灰的幕墻上開(kāi)始顯現出垂直的肌理,若隱若現好象道林紙上的條紋. 強烈的好奇心驅使我們加快腳步看個(gè)究竟.直到我們到了伸手可及的距離才不由得拍手叫絕 . 深灰的實(shí)墻是染色的現澆混凝土,不規則的肌理顯然是模板上嵌入的薄厚不一的方木使然. 淺灰的幕墻是并列的半透明的玻璃型材以硅膠嵌縫. 確實(shí)與眾不同, 更令人叫絕的是玻璃幕墻只是雙層外墻的一層,玻璃型材里面還有一層白色實(shí)墻. 每層墻體上都隨機地分布著(zhù)開(kāi)啟,于是就產(chǎn)生了貫穿的窗洞和半透明的窗洞在墻面上無(wú)秩序的組合. 真可謂”真真假假,虛虛實(shí)實(shí)”.
房子的入口雨棚巧妙地使用了同樣的玻璃型材料,簡(jiǎn)直摩登到了極致. 由于參觀(guān)的客人很多,我們在門(mén)外排了一會(huì )兒隊才得進(jìn)入. “那不是Steven Holl嗎!”, 先看到的不是建筑,是大師本人. Holl穿著(zhù)一身帶褶的黑西服套裝, (畢竟是大師, 西服要帶褶的: D) 顯然大多數客人不是追星建筑師, 沒(méi)人對他過(guò)分關(guān)注. 大師走上幾步樓梯給攝影師擺了個(gè)姿勢. 氣質(zhì)謙遜,穩健又透著(zhù)幾分傲氣. (只有大師會(huì )既謙遜又傲氣)整個(gè)過(guò)程不過(guò)十分鐘, 他就匆匆離開(kāi)了. 我們繼續看房子. 室內設計沒(méi)有什么驚人之處, 除入口門(mén)廳可以看到Holl注冊商標式的延伸的立體空間,以及幾處旋轉隔斷外,大多數處理更象大設計公司的做法.也許業(yè)主在這方面有很具體的要求吧.至于細節和施工質(zhì)量上 ,頗有幾處值得批評，這里就不細說(shuō)了．當然,對于Holl式的事務(wù)所,創(chuàng )新是第一位的 ,產(chǎn)品的遞交可以推卸給施工圖建筑師或承包商.不幸的是,我在室內沒(méi)能發(fā)現什么創(chuàng )新.
走出室內空間,建筑的景觀(guān)設計與建筑十分協(xié)調. 灰色調的水磨石地磚漫鋪平臺. 水池,花池,碎石池散布其中, 符合流行的簡(jiǎn)約風(fēng)格. 從這一點(diǎn)可以看出建筑師對景觀(guān)設計的良好控制.（有些景觀(guān)建筑師經(jīng)常會(huì )把設計做得過(guò)于豐富，以顯得他們的服務(wù)物有所值．）室外景觀(guān)唯一美中不足之處是其與室內空間的關(guān)系顯得有些偶然，設計者也許這麼想過(guò)：“剩下個(gè)方塊就當花園吧！”
統觀(guān)整個(gè)設計,最明顯的形式邏輯是十字形平面.十字是瑞士的象征,外墻的虛實(shí)關(guān)系宛如十字是從一個(gè)方塊體量中切出來(lái)的. 十字的端頭使用深色實(shí)墻,側面內凹部分使用淺色幕墻. 這個(gè)邏輯清晰明確, 加上墻面質(zhì)感的處理, 形成了大使邸整個(gè)設計的最大亮點(diǎn)．其實(shí)使用C型材玻璃作外墻，并非Holl的獨創(chuàng ),在他之前就有人用過(guò)了.而且使用半透明材料作為外墻早已是近年建筑設計的一大流行趨勢. 如果只是用一下C型材,也沒(méi)有什麼值得大驚小怪的.但是Holl把C型材半透明的特性和第二層墻體開(kāi)洞相結合的手法,實(shí)在是把這種材料用到了極致. 在Holl的網(wǎng)頁(yè)上可也找到夜景照片,實(shí)在是非常精彩.最后不得不寫(xiě)的是如果大使邸有自己的氣質(zhì)的話(huà)，它是很東方的，或者說(shuō)有幾分禪意。
Last year on September 16, Grace and I have the honor to visit Steven Holl's new - Swiss ambassador in Washington. To have this opportunity to approach and experience of the building would also like to thank the Swiss embassy Open Day. This is Swiss officials to foreign construction gives the idea behind the cultural transmission function. The result was a success, of course, activity attracted many nearby residents, citizens, the Swiss culture and architects such as we "fans".
Steven Holl is recognized as one of the most popular architects in the United States. His dedication to architectural form exploration is unparalleled in the American architectural field. When Mr. Holl first learned about the Swiss ambassador's residence in his speech two years ago, it was obvious that it was quite different from his previous design.
Hospital building is located in the embassy on a small hill. From afar, is not like Holl customary practice -- -- -- -- -- - the introduction of curve/slash/color in order to create a very visual interest. The average size of the house, color also best of implicit capabilities. The dark grey of the solid wall light gray curtain wall made me up with a picture of a town in jiangnan ink painting, quiet and peaceful. In rainy weather, plus more to my feeling of poetry.
As we approached the house, another visual interest caught our attention: the solid dark grey walls gradually revealed horizontal textures, as if they were made of grey brick, but with some irregular ups and downs; And light grey curtain wall began to appear on a vertical texture, looming like the stripes on the woodfree printing paper. Intense curiosity drives us to speed up the pace to see actually. It was not until the distance to reach us couldn't help us. The dark grey of cast-in-site concrete solid wall is dyed, irregular texture is obviously different template embedded in its thickness of the wood. Light grey curtain wall is tied for the translucent glass profiles with silicone caulking. Really different, What is more amazing is that the glass curtain wall is only one layer of the double-layer outer wall, and there is a layer of white solid wall inside the glass profile. Opening is randomly distributed on each layer of the wall, thus resulting in the disorderly combination of perforating window holes and translucent window holes on the wall.
The canopy at the entrance of the house was cleverly made of the same glass material, which was the ultimate in modern design. The first thing I saw was not the building, but the master himself. Holl was wearing a pleated black suit. D) most of the guests is not make track for a star architects, not too much attention to him. The master steps posed for photographers stairs. Temperament is modest, prudent and appearing somewhat pride. (only the master can both modesty and pride) the whole process but ten minutes, he was in a hurry to leave. We continue to see the house. Nothing surprising thing about interior design, In addition to the entrance foyer, which can be seen as an extension of the Holl registered three-dimensional space, and several rotating partitions, most of the treatment is more like that of a large design company. Of course, for holl-style firms, innovation comes first, and the delivery of products can be shifted to the construction drawing architect or contractor. Unfortunately, I did not find any innovation in the interior.
Out of the interior space, the landscape design and construction of building is very harmonious. Gray tone of terrazzo floor tile paving machine. Pool, lotus pond, interspersed by gravel pool, conform to the popular contracted style. Can be seen from this point of landscape architects design a good control. (some landscape architects often do design too rich, to look for their service value.) The only fly in the ointment of the outdoor landscape is its accidental relationship with the interior space. The designer may have thought, "let's make the garden a square."
Throughout the entire design, the most obvious form of logic is cross plane. The cross is the symbol of Switzerland, exterior false or true relationship is like a cross cut out from a square size. The end of the cross with dark solid wall, side inside concave part using light color curtain wall. This logic clear, plus the processing of metope texture, formed the ambassador of the biggest highlights of the house the whole design. Actually use C shaped glass for exterior wall, is not original, Holl had been used before him. And use translucent material as the exterior is already a popular trend of architectural design in recent years. If we can only use the C section, there is nothing surprising. But Holl C shaped translucent characteristics, and the second floor wall combined technique of open hole, it is to use acme. On Holl can also find photos, night scene is very competitive. Finally had to write that if you have any own temperament ambassador mansion, it is in the east, or what kind of zen.
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